Changes

(Wieland)

The measure for bendability of a strip material is the smallest possible bending radius r of a sample piece of given material thickness s without appearance of surface cracking. Bending tests are performed as either 90 degree bends according to ISO 7438 or as defined forth-and-back bending. The bendabilty of naturally hard copper alloys is significantly better perpendicular to the rolling direction than parallel to it ''(Figs. 5.41 and 5.42)''.

bend line parallel

to the rolling direction (Wieland)

=====5.1.7.4 Softening Behavior=====