Main Articel: [[Electroplating (or Galvanic Deposition)| Electroplating (or Galvanic Deposition)]]
==== Electroplating of Parts====
The complete or all-around electroplating of small mass produced parts like
contact springs, rivets, or pins is usually done as mass plating in electroplating
barrels of different shape. During the electroplating process the parts are
continuously moved and mixed to reach a uniform coating.
Larger parts are frequently electroplated on racks either totally or by different
masking techniques also partially. Penetrating the coating into the interior of
drilled holes or tubes can be achieved with the use of special fixtures.
'''Electroplated Parts'''
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*'''Materials'''
<table border="1" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse:collapse"><tr><td><p class="s9">Coatings</p></td></tr><tr><td><p class="s9">Precious metals</p></td><td><p class="s9">Pure gold, hard gold (HV 150 – 250), palladium, palladium-nickel, rhodium,</p><p class="s9">pure silver, hard silver (HV 130 – 160)</p></td></tr><tr><td><p class="s9">Non-precious metals</p></td><td><p class="s9">Copper, nickel, tin, tin alloys</p></td></tr><tr><td><p class="s9">Carrier materials</p></td><td><p class="s9">Copper, copper alloys, nickel, nickel alloys, iron, steel,</p><p class="s9">aluminum, aluminum alloys, composite materials</p><p class="s9">such as aluminum – silicon carbide</p></td></tr></table>
*'''Coating thickness'''
Precious metals: 0.2 – 5 μm (typical layer thicknesses; for Ag also up to 25 μm)
Non-precious metals: Up to approx. 20 μm
Tolerances: Strongly varying depending on the geometrical shape of
parts (up to 50% at a defined measuring spot).
It is recommended to specify a minimum value for the
coating thickness at a defined measuring spot
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*'''Quality criteria'''
Besides others the following layer parameters are typically monitored in-process and documented:
*Coating thickness *Solderability
*Adhesion strength *Bonding property
*Porosity Contact *resistance
These quality tests are performed according to industry standards, internal
standards, and customer specifications resp.
==== Electroplating of Semi-finished Materials====