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====<!--5.1.4.3 -->Copper-Nickel-Zinc Alloys (German Silver)====

Despite its lower electrical conductivity, the good spring properties, high corrosion resistance, and the good workability make copper-nickel-zinc alloys a frequently used spring contact carrier in switches and relays. As illustrated in the phase diagram the most commonly used materials are in the &alpha; -range which means that they are single-phase alloys <xr id="fig:Copper rich region of the ternary copper-nickel-zinc phase diagram with indication of the more commonly available german silver materials"/> <!--(Fig. 5.14)-->. The formability and strength properties of german silver are comparable to those of the copper-tin alloys. The work hardening and softening behavior is illustrated on the example of CuNi12Zn24 in <xr id="fig:Strain hardening of CuNi12Zn24 by cold working"/> <!--Figures 5.15 --> and <xr id="fig:Softening of CuNi12Zn24 after 3 hrs annealing after 50% cold working"/> <!--5.16-->.

<caption>'''<!--Table 5.11: -->Physical Properties of Copper-Nickel-Zinc Alloys'''</caption>

<caption>'''<!--Table 5.12: -->Mechanical Properties of Copper-Nickel-Zinc Alloys'''</caption>

<xr id="fig:Copper rich region of the ternary copper-nickel-zinc phase diagram with indication of the more commonly available german silver materials"/> <!--Fig. 5.14: --> Copper rich region of the ternary copper-nickel-zinc phase diagram with indication of the more commonly available german silver materials

<xr id="fig:Strain hardening of CuNi12Zn24 by cold working"/> <!--Fig. 5.15: --> Strain hardening of CuNi12Zn24 by cold working

<xr id="fig:Softening of CuNi12Zn24 after 3 hrs annealing after 50% cold working"/> <!--Fig. 5.16: --> Softening of CuNi12Zn24 after 3 hrs annealing after 50% cold working