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</figtable>
<figtable id="tab:Mechanical_Properties_of_the_Platinum_Metals_and_their_Alloys">
<caption>'''<!Festigkeitseigenschaften von Platin--Table 2.8:-->Mechanical Properties of the Platinum Metals and their AlloysMetallen und deren Legierungen'''</caption>
<table class="twocolortable">
<tr>
<th rowspan="2">MaterialWerkstoff</th><th colspan="2">Tensile Strength Zugfestigkeit [MPa]</th><th colspan="2">Elongation Dehnung A [%]</th><th colspan="2">Vickers Hardness Vickershärte HV 1</th></tr><tr><th>softweich</th><th>70% cold worketverformt</th><th>softweich</th><th>70% cold worketverformt</th><th>softweich</th><th>70% cold worketverformt</th></tr>
<tr><td>Pt (99,95)</td><td>150</td><td>360</td><td>40</td><td>3</td><td>40</td><td>120</td></tr>
<tr><td>PtIr5</td><td>260</td><td>550</td><td>25</td><td>2</td><td>85</td><td>160</td></tr>
</figtable>
*maximum hardnessmaximal erreichbare Härte
<figtable id="tab:Contact_and_Switching_Properties_of_the_Platinum_Metals_and_their_Alloys">
<table class="twocolortable">
<caption> '''<!--Table 2.9:-->Contact and Switching Properties of the Platinum Metals and their AlloysKontakt- und Schalteigenschaften von Platin-Metallen und deren Legierungen'''</caption><tr><th><p class="s11">MaterialWerkstoff</p></th><th><p class="s12">PropertiesEigenschaften<th colspan="2"></p></th></tr><tr><td><p class="s11">Pt</p></td><td><p class="s12">Very high corrosion resistanceSehr hohe Korrosionsbeständigkeit</p></td><td/></tr><tr><td><p class="s11">PtIr5 - 10</p></td><td><p class="s12">Very high corrosion resistanceSehr hohe Korrosionsbeständigkeit, low contact resistanceniedriger Kontaktwiderstand</p></td><td><p class="s12">High arc erosion resistancehohe Abbrandfestigkeit, high hardnessniedriger Kontaktwiderstand hohe Härte</p></td></tr><tr><td><p class="s11">PtRu10</p></td><td><p class="s12">Very high corrosion resistanceSehr hohe Korrosionsbeständigkeit, low welding tendencygeringe Schweißneigung</p></td><td><p class="s12">Low contact resistanceniedriger Kontaktwiderstand, very</p><p class="s12">high hardnesssehr hohe Härte</p></td></tr><tr><td><p class="s11">PtNi8</p></td><td><p class="s12">Low material transfer tendencyGeringe Neigung zu Materialwanderung</p></td><td><p class="s12">Very high hardnesssehr hohe Härte</p></td></tr><tr><td><p class="s11">PtW5</p></td><td><p class="s12">Low material transfer tendencyGeringe Neigung zu Materialwanderung</p></td><td><p class="s12">High hardnesshohe Härte</p></td></tr><tr><td><p class="s11">Pd</p></td><td><p class="s12">Strong tendency to “Brown Powder” formationStarke Neigung zu „brown powder“- Bildung</p></td><td><p class="s12">Less arc erosion resistant than weniger abbrandfest als Pt</p></td></tr><tr><td><p class="s11">PdCu15</p><p class="s11">PdCu40</p></td><td><p class="s12">Tendency to “Brown Powder” formationNeigung zu „brown powder“- Bildung</p></td><td><p class="s12">Mostly resistant to materialweitgehend beständig gegenüber Materialwanderung,</p><p class="s12">transfer, high hardnesshohe Härte</p></td></tr><tr><td><p class="s11">PdNi5</p></td><td><p class="s12">Strong tendency to “Brown Powder” formationStarke Neigung zu „brown powder“- Bildung</p></td><td><p class="s12">Low welding tendencygeringe Schweißneigung</p></td></tr><tr><td><p class="s11">Pd44Ag38Cu15</p><p class="s11">PtAuZn</p></td><td><p class="s12">High mechanical wear resistanceHohe mechanische Verschleißfestigkeit</p></td><td><p class="s12">Standard material for slidingStandardwerkstoff für</p><p class="s12">contact brushesSchleifkontakte</p></td></tr></table>
</figtable>
<figtable id="fig:Application_Examples_and_Form_of_Supply_for_Platinum_Metals_and_their_Alloys">
<table class="twocolortable">
<caption>'''<!--Table 2.10:-->Application Examples and Form of Supply for Platinum Metals and their AlloysAnwendungsbeispiele und Lieferformen von Platin-Metallen und deren Legierungen'''</caption><tr><th><p class="s11">MaterialWerkstoff</p></th><th><p class="s12">Application ExamplesAnwendungsbeispiele</p></th><th><p class="s12">Forms of SupplyLieferformen</p></th></tr><tr><td><p class="s11">Pt (99,95)</p></td><td><p class="s12">RelaysRelais</p></td><td><p class="s12">Contact rivetsKontaktniete, welded contact partsgeschweißte Kontaktteile</p></td></tr><tr><td><p class="s11">PtIr5</p><p class="s11">PtIr10</p><p class="s11">PtRu10</p><p class="s11">PtNi8</p><p class="s11">PtW5</p></td><td><p class="s12">RelaysRelais, sliding contact systemsGleitkontaktsysteme,</p><p class="s12">automotive ignition breaker pointsZündunterbrecher für Kfz</p></td><td><p class="s12">'''Semi-finished Contact MaterialsKontakthalbzeuge:''':</p><p class="s12">WireDrähte, seam-welded contact profilesrollennahtgeschweißte Profile</p><p class="s12">'''Contact PartsKontaktteile:'''</p><p class="s12">TipsPlättchen, wire-formed partsDrahtformteile, massive Kontaktniete, solid and composite contact rivetsBimetallniete, welded contact partsgeschweißte Kontaktteile</p></td></tr><tr><td><p class="s11">Pd (99,95)</p><p class="s11">PdNi5</p></td><td><p class="s12">RelaysRelais</p></td><td><p class="s12">Micro-profiles (weld tapes)Miniprofile, contact rivetsKontaktniete, welded contact partsgeschweißte Kontaktteile</p></td></tr><tr><td><p class="s11">PdCu15</p><p class="s11">PdCu40</p></td><td><p class="s12">Automotive flasher relaysBlinkrelais für Kfz</p></td><td><p class="s12">Micro-profilesMiniprofile, composite contact rivetsBimetallniete</p></td></tr><tr><td><p class="s11">Pd35AuAgPt</p><p class="s11">Pd44Ag38Cu15</p><p class="s11">PtAuZn</p><p class="s11">Pd40Co40W20</p></td><td><p class="s12">PotentiometersPotentiometer, slip ringsSchleifringübertrager, miniature</p><p class="s12">DC motors-Kleinstmotoren</p></td><td><p class="s12">Wire-formed partsDrahtformteile, welded wire segmentsgeschweißte Drahtabschnitte, multi-arm sliding contact brushesVieldrahtschleifer</p></td></tr></table>
</figtable>
<xr id="fig:Influence_of_1-20_atom%_of_different_additive_metals_on_the_electrical_resistivit_ p_of_platinum_(Degussa)"/>Influence of Einfluss von 1-20 atomAtom-% of different additive metals on the electrical resistivity verschiedener Zusatzmetalle auf den spez. elektrischen Widerstand p of platinum von Platin (Degussa)
<xr id="fig:Influence_of_1-20_atom%_of_different_additive_metals_on_the_electrical_resistivit_ p_of_platinum"/>Influence of Einfluss von 1-22 atomAtom-% of different additive metals on the electrical resistivity verschiedener Zusatzmetalle auf den spezifischen elektrischen Widerstand p of palladiumvon Palladium (Degussa)
<xr id="fig:Phase_diagram_of_platinum-iridium"/>Fig. 2.27: Phase diagram of platinumZustandsdiagramm von Platin-iridiumIridium
<xr id="fig:Phase_diagram_of_platinum-nickel"/>Fig. 2.28: Phase diagram of platinumZustandsdiagramm von Platin-nickelNickel
<xr id="fig:Phase_diagram_of_platinum-tungsten"/>Fig. 2.29: Phase diagram of platinumZustandsdiagramm von Platin-tungstenWolfram
<xr id="fig:Phase_diagram_of_platinum-copper"/>Fig. 2.30: Phase diagram of palladiumZustandsdiagramm von Palladium-copperKupfer
<xr id="fig:Strain_hardening_of_Pt_by_cold_working"/>Fig. 2.31: Strain hardening of Verfestigungsverhalten von Pt by cold workingdurch Kaltumformung
<xr id="fig:Softening_of_Pt_after_annealing_for_0.5_hrs_after_80%_cold_working"/>Fig. 2.32: Softening of Erweichungsverhalten von Pt after annealing for nach 0.5 hrs after ,5h Glühdauer und einer Kaltumformung von 80% cold working
<xr id="fig:Strain_hardening_of_PtIr5_by_cold_working"/>Fig. 2.33: Strain hardening of Verfestigungsverhalten von PtIr5 by cold workingdurch Kaltumformung
<xr id="fig:Softening_of_PtIr5_after_annealing_for_1_hr_after_different degrees_of_cold_working"/>Fig. 2.34: Softening of Erweichungsverhalten von PtIr5 after annealing for 1 hr after different degrees of cold workingnach 1h Glühdauer mit unterschiedlicher Kaltumformung
<xr id="fig:Strain_hardening_of_PtNi8_by_cold_working"/>Fig. 2.35: Strain hardening of Verfestigungsverhalten von PtNi8 by cold workingdurch Kaltumformung
<xr id="fig:Softening_of_PtNi8_after_annealing_for_1_hr_after_80%_cold_working"/>Fig. 2.36: Softening of Erweichungsverhalten von PtNi8 after annealing for 1 hr after nach 1h Glühdauer und einer Kaltumformung von 80% cold working
<xr id="fig:Strain_hardening_of_PtW5_by_cold_working"/>Fig. 2.37: Strain hardening of Verfestigungsverhalten von PtW5 by cold workingdurch Kaltumformung
<xr id="fig:Softening_of_PtW5_after_annealing_for_1_hr_after_80%_cold_working"/>Fig. 2.38: Softening of Erweichungsverhalten von PtW5 after annealing for 1hr after nach 1h Glühdauer und einer Kaltumformung von 80% cold working
<xr id="fig:Strain_hardening_of_Pd_99.99_by_cold_working"/>Fig. 2.39: Strain hardening of Verfestigungsverhalten von Pd 99.,99 by cold workingdurch Kaltumformung
<xr id="fig:Strain_hardening_of_PdCu15_by_cold_working"/>Fig. 2.40: Strain hardening of Verfestigungsverhalten von PdCu15 by cold workingdurch Kaltumformung
<xr id="fig:Softening_of_PdCu15_after_annealing_for_0.5_hrs"/>Fig. 2.41: Softening of Erweichungsverhalten von PdCu15 after annealing for nach 0.5 hrs,5h Glühdauer und einer Kaltumformung von 80%
<xr id="fig:Strain_hardening_of_PdCu40_by_cold_working"/>Fig. 2.42: Strain hardening of Verfestigungsverhalten von PdCu40 by cold workingdurch Kaltumformung
<xr id="fig:Softening_of_PdCu40_after_annealing_for_0.5_hrs_after_80%_cold_working"/>Fig. 2.43: Softening of Erweichungsverhalten von PdCu40 after annealing for nach 0.5 hrs after ,5h Glühdauer und einer Kaltumformung von 80% cold working
<xr id="fig:Electrical_resistivity_p_of_PdCu_alloys"/>FigSpez. 2.44: Electrical resistivity elektrischer Widerstand p of von PdCu alloys with and without an annealing step for forming an ordered phase-Legierungen ohne und mit einer Glühbehandlung zur Ausbildung einer geordneten Phase
<figure id="fig:Influence_of_1-20_atom%_of_different_additive_metals_on_the_electrical_resistivit_ p_of_platinum_(Degussa)">
[[File:Influence of platinum degussa.jpg|left|thumb|<caption>Influence of Einfluss von 1- 20 atomAtom-% of different additive metals on the electrical resistivity verschiedener Zusatzmetalle auf den spez. elektrischen Widerstand p of platinum von Platin (Degussa)</caption>]]
</figure>
<figure id="fig:Influence_of_1-20_atom%_of_different_additive_metals_on_the_electrical_resistivit_ p_of_platinum">
[[File:Influence of palladium.jpg|left|thumb|<caption>Influence of Einfluss von 1-22 atomAtom-% of different additive metals on the electrical resistivity verschiedener Zusatzmetalle auf den spezifischen elektrischen Widerstand p of palladiumvon Palladium (Degussa)</caption>]]
</figure>
<figure id="fig:Phase_diagram_of_platinum-iridium">
[[File:Phase diagram of platinum iridium.jpg|left|thumb|<caption>Fig. 2.27:Phase diagram of platinumZustandsdiagramm von Platin-iridiumIridium</caption>]]
</figure>
<figure id="fig:Phase_diagram_of_platinum-nickel">
[[File:Phase diagram of platinum nickel.jpg|left|thumb|<caption>Fig. 2.28:Phase diagram of platinumZustandsdiagramm von Platin-nickelNickel</caption>]]
</figure>
<figure id="fig:Phase_diagram_of_platinum-tungsten">
[[File:Phase diagram of palladium copper.jpg|left|thumb|<caption>Fig. 2.29:Phase diagram of platinumZustandsdiagramm von Platin-tungstenWolfram</caption>]]
</figure>
<figure id="fig:Phase_diagram_of_platinum-copper">
[[File:Phase diagram of palladium copper2.jpg|left|thumb|<caption>Fig. 2.30: Phase diagram of palladiumZustandsdiagramm von Palladium-copperKupfer</caption>]]
</figure>
<figure id="fig:Strain_hardening_of_Pt_by_cold_working">
[[File:Strain hardening of Pt by cold working.jpg|left|thumb|<caption>Fig. 2.31: Strain hardening of Verfestigungsverhalten von Pt by cold workingdurch Kaltumformung</caption>]]
</figure>
<figure id="fig:Softening_of_Pt_after_annealing_for_0.5_hrs_after_80%_cold_working">
[[File:Softening of Pt after annealing.jpg|left|thumb|<caption>Fig. 2.32: Softening of Erweichungsverhalten von Pt after annealing for nach 0.5 hrs after ,5h Glühdauer und einer Kaltumformung von 80% cold working</caption>]]
</figure>
<figure id="fig:Strain_hardening_of_PtIr5_by_cold_working">
[[File:Strain hardening of PtIr5 by cold working.jpg|left|thumb|<caption>Fig. 2.33: Strain hardening of Verfestigungsverhalten von PtIr5 by cold workingdurch Kaltumformung</caption>]]
</figure>
<figure id="fig:Softening_of_PtIr5_after_annealing_for_1_hr_after_different degrees_of_cold_working">
[[File:Softening of PtIr5 after annealing.jpg|left|thumb|<caption>Fig. 2.34: Softening of Erweichungsverhalten von PtIr5 after annealing for 1 hr after different degrees of cold workingnach 1h Glühdauer mit unterschiedlicher Kaltumformung</caption>]]
</figure>
<figure id="fig:Strain_hardening_of_PtNi8_by_cold_working">
[[File:Strain hardening of PtNi8 by cold working.jpg|left|thumb|<caption>Fig. 2.35: Strain hardening of Verfestigungsverhalten von PtNi8 by cold workingdurch Kaltumformung</caption>]]
</figure>
<figure id="fig:Softening_of_PtNi8_after_annealing_for_1_hr_after_80%_cold_working">
[[File:Softening of PtNi8 after annealing.jpg|left|thumb|<caption>Fig. 2.36: Softening of Erweichungsverhalten von PtNi8 after annealing for 1 hr after nach 1h Glühdauer und einer Kaltumformung von 80% cold working</caption>]]
</figure>
<figure id="fig:Strain_hardening_of_PtW5_by_cold_working">
[[File:Strain hardening of PtW5 by cold working.jpg|left|thumb|<caption>Fig. 2.37: Strain hardening of Verfestigungsverhalten von PtW5 by cold workingdurch Kaltumformung</caption>]]
</figure>
<figure id="fig:Softening_of_PtW5_after_annealing_for_1_hr_after_80%_cold_working">
[[File:Softening of PtW5 after annealing.jpg|left|thumb|<caption>Fig. 2.38: Softening of Erweichungsverhalten von PtW5 after annealing for 1 hr after nach 1h Glühdauer und einer Kaltumformung von 80% cold working</caption>]]
</figure>
<figure id="fig:Strain_hardening_of_Pd_99.99_by_cold_working">
[[File:Strain hardening of Pd-99 99by cold working.jpg|left|thumb|<caption>Fig. 2.39: Strain hardening of Verfestigungsverhalten von Pd 99.,99 by cold workingdurch Kaltumformung</caption>]]
</figure>
<figure id="fig:Strain_hardening_of_PdCu15_by_cold_working">
[[File:Strain hardening of PdCu15 by cold working.jpg|left|thumb|<caption>Fig. 2.40: Strain hardening of Verfestigungsverhalten von PdCu15 by cold workingdurch Kaltumformung</caption>]]
</figure>
<figure id="fig:Softening_of_PdCu15_after_annealing_for_0.5_hrs">
[[File:Softening of PdCu15 after annealing.jpg|left|thumb|<caption>Softening of Erweichungsverhalten von PdCu15 after annealing for nach 0.5 hrs,5h Glühdauer und einer Kaltumformung von 80%</caption>]]
</figure>
<figure id="fig:Strain_hardening_of_PdCu40_by_cold_working">
[[File:Strain hardening of PdCu40 by cold working.jpg|left|thumb|<caption>Strain hardening of Verfestigungsverhalten von PdCu40 by cold workingdurch Kaltumformung</caption>]]
</figure>
<figure id="fig:Softening_of_PdCu40_after_annealing_for_0.5_hrs_after_80%_cold_working">
[[File:Softening of PdCu40 after annealing.jpg|left|thumb|<caption>Softening of Erweichungsverhalten von PdCu40 after annealing for nach 0.5 hrs after ,5h Glühdauer und einer Kaltumformung von 80% cold working</caption>]]
</figure>
<figure id="fig:Electrical_resistivity_p_of_PdCu_alloys">
[[File:Electrical resistivity p of PdCu alloys.jpg|left|thumb|<caption>Electrical resistivity Spez. elektrischer Widerstand p of von PdCu alloys with and without an annealing step for forming an ordered phase-Legierungen ohne und mit einer Glühbehandlung zur Ausbildung einer geordneten Phase</caption>]]
</figure>