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→Copper–Tungsten Materials
=== Copper–Tungsten Materials===
Copper–tungsten materials with typically 50-85 wt% tungsten are produced by the infiltration process with the tungsten particle size selected according to the end application [[#figures4|(Figs. 5 – 8)]] <!--(Figs. 2.138 – 2.141)--> and (<xr id="tab:Physical Properties properties of Copper Tungsten CUWODUR Contact Materialscopper-tungsten materials"/><!--(Table 2.39)-->). To increase the wettability of the tungsten skeleton by copper a small amount of nickel < 1 wt% is added to the starting powder mix. <figtable id="tab:Physical properties of copper-tungsten materials"><caption>'''Physical properties of copper-tungsten materials'''</caption> {| class="twocolortable" style="text-align: left; font-size: 12px"|-!Material!Tungsten<br/>Content<br/>[wt.%]!Density<br/>[g/cm<sup>3</sup>]!Melting Point<br/>[°C]!Electrical<br/>Resistivity<br/>[µΩ*cm]!Electrical<br/>Conductivity<br/>[% IACS]!Electrical<br/>Conductivity<br/>[MS/m]!Vickers<br/>Hardness<br/>[HV10]|-|W/Cu 60/40 [[#text-reference1|<sup>F</sup>]]<br/>|58 - 62|12,9 - 13,3|1083|3,85 - 4,55|38 - 45|22 - 26|160 - 200|-|W/Cu 65/35 [[#text-reference1|<sup>F</sup>]]|63 - 67|13,6 - 14,0|1083|4,17 - 5,0|34 - 41|20 - 24|160 - 210|-|W/Cu 70/30 [[#text-reference1|<sup>F</sup>]]|68 - 72|13,9 - 14,4|1083|4,55 - 5,56|31 - 38|18 - 22|190 - 230|-|W/Cu 80/20 [[#text-reference1|<sup>F</sup>]]|78 - 82|15,3 - 15,9|1083|5,0 - 6,25|28 - 34|16 - 20|240 - 280|-|W/Cu 60/40 [[#text-reference2|<sup>G</sup>]]|58 - 62|12,9 - 13,3|1083|3,85 - 4,55|38 - 45|22 - 26|150 - 180|-|W/Cu 65/35 [[#text-reference2|<sup>G</sup>]]|63 - 67|13,6 - 14,0|1083|4,17 - 5,0|34 - 41|20 - 24|160 - 190|-|W/Cu 70/30 [[#text-reference2|<sup>G</sup>]]|68 - 72|13,9 - 14,4|1083|3,85 - 5,56|31 - 38|18 - 22|160 - 195|-|W/Cu 75/25 [[#text-reference2|<sup>G</sup>]]|73 - 77|14,6 - 15,2|1083|4,76 - 5,88|29 - 36|17 - 21|180 - 210|-|W/Cu 80/20 [[#text-reference2|<sup>G</sup>]]|78 - 82|15,3 - 15,9|1083|5,0 - 6,25|28 - 34|16 - 20|180 - 210|-|W/Cu 70/30 [[#text-reference3|<sup>H</sup>]]|68 - 72|13,9 - 14,4|1083|3,85 - 5,56|31 - 38|18 - 22 |180 - 210|-|W/Cu 75/25 [[#text-reference3|<sup>H</sup>]]|73 - 77|14,6 - 15,2|1083|4,76 - 5,88|29 - 36|17 - 21|190 - 220|-|W/Cu 80/20 [[#text-reference3|<sup>H</sup>]]|78 - 82|15,3 - 15,9|1083|5,0 - 6,25|28 - 34|16 - 20|200 - 240|-|W/Cu 85/15 [[#text-reference3|<sup>H</sup>]]|83 - 87|15,8 - 16,5|1083|5,0 - 6,67|26 - 34|15 - 20|210 - 250|-|}<div id="text-reference2"><sub>G</sub> Produced by powder metallurgy; Press-Sinter-Infiltrate; Tungsten particle size ≤60µm</div><div id="text-reference1"><sub>F</sub> Produced by powder metallurgy; Press-Sinter-Infiltrate; Tungsten particle size ≤10µm</div><div id="text-reference"><sub>H</sub> Produced by powder metallurgy; Press High-Temperature Sinter + Infiltrate; Tungsten particle size ≤60µm</div></figtable>
W/Cu materials exhibit a very high arc erosion resistance (<xr id="tab:Contact and Switching Properties of Copper–Tungsten (CUWODUR) Contact Materials"/><!--(Table 2.40)-->). Compared to silver–tungsten materials, they are however less suitable to carry permanent current.