<onlyinclude>The following tables list the physical properties of the most technically significant pure metals as well as carbon. The values given may vary considerably , depending on the degree of purity and sometimes they are also difficult to determine. In compiling the data from the available literature , we selected those that are currently the most probable. Some properties are anisotropic and vary with the crystalline structure of the metal.</onlyinclude> In those cases, whenever possible, we listed the value applicable to the poly-crystalline stage. <br>
<figtable id="tab:Mechanical Properties of the Most Important Metals"><caption>'''Tab. Mechanical Properties of the Most Important Metals'''</caption>
{| class="twocolortable" style="text-align: left; font-size: 12px"
!Shear Modulus
[GPa]
!Transvers ContractionCoefficContraction Coeffic.
|-
|Aluminum
|}
<div id="text-reference"><sub>1</sub> at 20°C</div>
</figtable>
<br/>
<br/>
<figtable id="tab:Atomic properties of the most important metals">
<caption>'''Atomic properties of the most important metals'''</caption>
{| class="twocolortable" style="text-align: left; font-size: 12px"
|-
!Element/Metal
!Chemical<br/>Symbol
!Atomic Number
!Atomic Weight
!Crystal Structure [[#text-reference1|<sup>1</sup>]]
!Lattic Parameters [[#text-reference1|<sup>1</sup>]]<br />a or b [[#text-reference2|<sup>2</sup>]]<br />[10<sup>10</sup>m]
!Lattic Parameters [[#text-reference1|<sup>1</sup>]]<br />a or b [[#text-reference2|<sup>2</sup>]]<br />[10<sup>-10</sup>m]
!Work Function<br />[eV]
!Ionization Potential<br/>[eV]
|-
|Aluminum
|Al
|13
|26,98
|foc
|4,049
|
|4,08 - 4,3
|5,98
|-
|Antimony
|Sb
|51
|121,75
|rhl
|4,507
|
|4,1
|8,64
|-
|Beryllium
|Be
|4
|9,01
|hcp
|2,286
|3,584
|3,2 - 3,9
|9,32
|-
|Lead
|Pb
|87
|207,19
|fcc
|4,949
|
|4,0 - 4,1
|7,42
|-
|Cadmium
|Cd
|48
|112,40
|hcp
|2,979
|5,617
|3,7 - 4,1
|8,99
|-
|Chromium
|Cr
|24
|52,00
|bcc
|2,884
|
|4,4 - 4,7
|6,76
|-
|Iron
|Fe
|26
|55,85
|bcc
|2,866
|
|4,1 - 4,5
|7,9
|-
|Gallium
|Ga
|31
|69,72
|ort
|4,524
|7,661
|3,8 - 4,1
|6,0
|-
|Gold
|Au
|79
|196,97
|fcc
|4,078
|
|4,3 - 5,1
|9,22
|-
|Indium
|In
|49
|114,82
|tet
|4,594
|4,951
|4,0
|5,79
|-
|Iridium
|Ir
|77
|192,20
|fcc
|3,839
|
|4,6 - 5,3
|9,1
|-
|Cobalt
|Co
|27
|58,93
|hcp
|2,507
|4,069
|4,4 - 4,6
|7,86
|-
|Carbon (Graphite)
|C
|6
|12,01
|hcp-layered lattic[[#text-reference3|<sup>3</sup>]]
|2,456
|6,696
|4,8
|11,27
|-
|Copper
|Cu
|29
|63,54
|fcc
|3,615
|
|4,4
|7,72
|-
|Magnesium
|Mg
|12
|24,31
|hcp
|3,209
|5,210
|3,7
|7,64
|-
|Manganese
|Mn
|25
|54,94
|complex cubic
|8,912
|
|3,8 - 4,1
|6,0
|-
|Molybdenum
|Mo
|42
|95,94
|bcc
|3,147
|
|4,1 - 4,5
|7,18
|-
|Nickel
|Ni
|28
|58,71
|fcc
|3,524
|
|5,0 - 5,2
|7,63
|-
|Niobium
|Nb
|41
|92,91
|bcc
|3,301
|
|4,0
|6,77
|-
|Osmium
|Os
|76
|190,23
|hcp
|2,734
|4,320
|4,5
|8,7
|-
|Palladium
|Pd
|46
|106,40
|fcc
|3,890
|
|4,5 - 5,0
|8,34
|-
|Platinum
|Pt
|78
|195,09
|fcc
|3,931
|
|4,1 - 5,5
|9,0
|-
|Mercury
|Hg
|80
|200,59
|rhl[[#text-reference4|<sup>4</sup>]]
|3,061[[#text-reference4|<sup>4</sup>]]
|
|4,5
|10,44
|-
|Rhenium
|Re
|75
|186,20
|hcp
|2,760
|4,458
|4,7 - 5,0
|7,8
|-
|Rhodium
|Rh
|45
|102,91
|fcc
|3,804
|
|4,6 - 4,9
|7,46
|-
|Ruthenium
|Ru
|44
|101,07
|hcp
|2,704
|4,281
|4,5
|7,37
|-
|Silver
|Ag
|47
|107,87
|fcc
|4,086
|
|4,3
|7,57
|-
|Tantalum
|Ta
|73
|180,95
|bcc
|3,303
|
|4,0 - 4,2
|7,89
|-
|Titanium
|Ti
|2
|47,90
|hcp
|2,950
|4,683
|4,0 - 4,4
|6,83
|-
|Vanadium
|V
|23
|50,94
|bcc
|3,039
|
|3,8 - 4,2
|6,71
|-
|Bismuth
|Bi
|83
|208,98
|rhl
|4,746
|
|4,1 - 4,5
|8,0
|-
|Tungsten
|W
|74
|183,85
|bcc
|3,158
|
|4,3 - 5,0
|7,98
|-
|Zinc
|Zn
|30
|65,37
|hcp
|2,665
|4,947
|3,1 - 4,3
|9,39
|-
|Tin
|Sn
|50
|118,69
|tet
|5,831
|3,181
|3,6 - 4,1
|7,33
|-
|Zirconium
|Zr
|40
|91,22
|hcp
|3,231
|5,148
|3,7 - 4,3
|6,92
|-
|}
<div id="text-reference1"><sub>1</sub> at 20°C</div>
<div id="text-reference2"><sub>2</sub> for rhombohedral crystals, the rhombohedra angle α is given in angle degrees and minutes; for orthorhombic crystals the parameter β is shown in m x 10<sup>-10</sup></div>
<div id="text-reference3"><sub>3</sub> α-crystal</div>
<div id="text-reference4"><sub>4</sub> at -50°C</div>
</figtable>
fcc = cubic face cenered // bcc = cubic body centered // hcp = hexagonal dense spherical
ort = orthorhombic // tet = tetragonal // rhl = rhombohedral
<br/>
<br/>
<figtable id="tab:Thermal properties of the most important metals">
<caption>'''Thermal properties of the most important metals'''</caption>
Tab. Atomic Properties {| class="twocolortable" style="text-align: left; font-size: 12px"|-!Element/Metal!Specific Heat [[#text-reference5|<sup>1</sup>]]<br/>[kJ/(K*kg)]!Softening<br/>Temperature<br/>[°C]!Melting Point<br/>[°C]!Heat of the Most Important MetalsFusion<br/>[kJ/kg]!Vapor Pressure<br/>at Melting Point<br/>[Pa]!Boiling Point<br/>[°C]!Heat of Vaporizing<br />[kJ/g]!Thermal<br/>Conductivity<br/>[W/(m*K)]!Linear Expansion<br/>Coefficient[[#text-reference6|<sup>2</sup>]]<br />[10<sup>-6</sup>m/K]!Volume Change at<br/>Solidification<br/>[%]|-|Aluminum|0,900|150|660|398|2,5x10<sup>-6</sup>|2467|10,47|237|23,6| -6,5|-|Antimony|0,210||630|163|2,5x10<sup>-9</sup>|1587|1,97|24,3|10,5| +9,5|-|Beryllium|1,824||1277|1090|4,3|2477||200|12,3||-|Lead|0,130|200|327|25|4,21x10<sup>-7</sup>|1750|24,70|35,3|29,3| -3,5|-|Cadmium|0,230||321|54|14,8|767|0,88|96,8|41,0| -4,0|-|Chromium|0,450||1857|314|990|2672|5,86|93,7|6,2||-|Iron|0,444|500|1537|268|7,05|2750|80,2|12,2| -3,0||-|Gallium|0,370||29,8|80,4|9,6x10<sup>-36</sup>|2204|3,90|40,6|18,0| +3,0|-|Gold|0,128|100|1064|63|2,4x10<sup>-3</sup>|3080|1,55|317|14,3| -5,1|-|Indium|0,233||157|28,5|1,5x10<sup>-17</sup>|2072|1,97|81,6|| -2,5|-|Iridium|0,130||2410|144|1,5|4130|3,31|147|6,5||-|Cobalt|0,420||1495|260|175|2927|6,66|100|13,8||-|Carbon (Graphite)|0,720|||||3825 sublimiert|119 - 165|155|||-|Copper|0,385|190|1084|205|5,2x10<sup>-2</sup>|2567|4,77|401|16,5| -4,2|-|Magnesium|1,020||650|373|361|1107|5,44|156|26,0| -4,1|-|Manganese|0,480||1244|264|121|1962|4,10|7,8|23,0| -1,7|-|Molybdenum|0,250|900|2623|292|3,6|4639|5,61|138|5,2||-|Nickel|0,440|520|1453|301|237|2913|6,45|90,7|13,0| -2,5|-|Niobium|0,272||2477|289|7,9x10<sup>-2</sup>|4744|7,79|53,7|7,3||-|Osmium|0,130||3045|141|2,52|5012|3,81|87,6|6,5||-|Palladium|0,244||1554|143|1,33|2970|3,48|71,8|11,1| -5,5|-|Platinum|0,130|540|1772|113|3,2x10<sup>-2</sup>|3827|2,62|71,6|9,0| -6,0|-|Mercury|0,140|| -38,9|11,7|3,1x10<sup>-4</sup>|357|0,29|8,34|60,8| -3,7|-|Rhenium|0,137||3186|178|3,24|5596|3,42|72|6,7||-|Rhodium|0,242||1966|211|6,36x10<sup>-1</sup>|3695|5,19|150|8,5| -10,8|-|Ruthenium|0,238||2310|252|1,4|4150|6,62|117|9,5||-|Silver|0,232|180|961,9|105|3,4x10<sup>-1</sup>|2212|2,39|429|19,5| -3,8|-|Tantalum|0,140|850|3017|157|7,86x10<sup>-1</sup>|5448|4,32|57,5|6,5||-|Titanium|0,520||1668|403|4,9x10<sup>-1</sup>|2830|8,80|21,9|10,8||-|Vanadium|0,490||1902|330|3,06|3287|10,3|30,7|8,3||-|Bismuth|0,122||271|54|6,5x10<sup>-4</sup>|1564|1,43|7,87|14,0| -0,33|-|Tungsten|0,138|1000|3422|193|4,27|5555|3,98|174|4,5||-|Zinc|0,385|170|420|100|3,06|907|1,76|116|36,0| -4,7|-|Tin|0,228|100|222|59|6x10<sup>-21</sup>|2602|1,95|66,6|26,7| -2,8|-|Zirconium|0,281||1852|224|1,7x10<sup>-3</sup>|4409|4,6|22,7|5,9||-|}<div id="text-reference5"><sub>1</sub> at 20°C</div><div id="text-reference6"><sub>2</sub> between 20°C and 100°C</div></figtable><br/><br/><figtable id="tab:Elektrische Eigenschaften der wichtigsten Metalle"><caption>'''Elektrische Eigenschaften der wichtigsten Metalle'''</caption>
Tab{| class="twocolortable" style="text-align: left; font-size: 12px"|-!Element/Metal!Electrical Resistivity [[#text-reference7|<sup>1</sup>]]<br/>[Ω*mm<sup>2</sup>/m]!Electrical Conductivity[[#text-reference7|<sup>1</sup>]]<br/>[MS/m]!Temperatur Coeff. Thermal Properties <br/>of Electrical<br/>Resistance[[#text-reference8|<sup>2</sup>]]<br/>[10<sup>-3</sup>/K]!Absolute thermal<br/>e.m.f.[[#text-reference9|<sup>3</sup>]]<br/>[µV/K]!Critical<br/>Superconductor<br/>Temperatur<br/>[K]!Softening<br/>Voltage<br/>(measured)<br/>[V]!Melting<br/>Voltage<br/>(measured)<br/>[V]!Melting<br/>Voltage<br/>(calculated)[[#text-reference10|<sup>4</sup>]]<br/>[V]!Minimum Arc<br/>Voltage<br/>[V]!Minimum Arc<br/>Current<br/>[A]|-|Aluminum|2,65|37,7|4,6| -1,6|1,18|0,1|0,3|0,29|11,2|0,4|-|Antimony|38,6|2,6|5,4| +20,6 - +46,8||0,2||0,28|10,5||-|Beryllium|4,2|23,8|10,0| -3,3|0,026|||0,48|||-|Lead|19,2|5,2|4,2| -1,2|7,196||0,19|0,17|11,5|0,1|-|Cadmium|7,50|13,30|4,3| -0,1 - +3,6|0,52|0,12||0,17|12|0,4|-|Chromium|14,95|6,7|3,0| +14,0|3,0|||0,67|16|0,45|-|Iron|9,72|10,3|6,6| +16,0||0,19|0,6|0,54|11,5||-|Gallium|43,2|2,3|4,0||1,08|||0,04||0,35|-|Gold|2,35|42,6|4,0| +1,7||0,08|0,43|0,42|15||-|Indium|8,37|11,94|4,9||3,41|||0,11|||-|Iridium|5,31|18,83|4,1| +1,5|0,11|||0,86|11,5||-|Cobalt|6,24|16,0|6,6| -18,5||||0,54||0,01 - 0,02|-|Carbon (Graphite)|30,0|3,33|||||||20|0,4|-|Copper|1,67|59,9|4,3| +1,7||0,12|0,43|0,42|12 - 13||-|Magnesium|4,42|22,62|4,2| +3,4||||0,28|||-|Manganese|185,0|0,54|0,5|||||0,47||0,75|-|Molybdenum|5,20|19,2|4,7| +5,9|0,92|0,3|0,75|0,91|12|0,4 -0,5|-|Nickel|6,85|14,6|6,8| -18,9||0,16|0,65|0,54|14||-|Niobium|13,1|7,6|3,4| -0,5|9,2|||0,778|||-|Osmium|8,12|12,31|4,2||0,66|||1,04||0,8 -0,9|-|Palladium|10,82|9,24|3,8| -0,9|3,3||0,57|0,57|15 - 16|0,8 -1,0|-|Platinum|10,54|9,58|3,9| -4,4|0,0019|0,25|0,71|0,64|17||-|Mercury|94,9|1,14|1,0| +8,5|4,15|||||0,35|-|Rhenium|19,3|5,2|4,6||1,7|||1,09|||-|Rhodium|4,51|22,2|4,4| +1,7|0,000325|||0,70|14||-|Ruthenium|7,62|13,12|4,6| -18,0|0,49|||0,81||0,4|-|Silver|1,59|62,9|4,3| +1,4||0,09|0,37|0,38|12||-|Tantalum|12,4|8,1|3,5| -2,3|4,47|0,3||1,03|12||-|Titanium|43,5|2,3|5,5| +7,3|0,4|||0,61|||-|Vanadium|26,0|3,8|3,9| +1,0|5,3|||0,68|||-|Bismuth|12,1|8,36|4,5| -53 - -110||||0,15|||-|Tungsten|5,65|17,7|4,8| +0,8|0,0154|1,1|1,16|1,16||0,8 - 1,2|-|Zinc|5,92|16,9|4,2| +0,4 - +2,3|0,85|0,17|0,2|0,20|15 - 16|0,1|-|Tin|11,0|9,09|4,6| -0,6 - -1,5|3,72|0,13|0,14|0,14|11||-|Zirconium|43,5|2,3|4,4| +9,5|0,55||0,67|0,67|12,5||-|}<div id="text-reference7"><sub>1</sub> at 20°C</div><div id="text-reference8"><sub>2</sub> near room temperature</div><div id="text-reference9"><sub>3</sub> near room temperature, however values for metals with non-cubic structure can vary widely</div><div id="text-reference10"><sub>4</sub> Calculated according to U<sub>Melt</sub> = [4L * (T<sup>2</sup><sub>Melt</sub> - T<sup>2</sup><sub>0</sub>)]<sup>1/2</sup> mit U<sub>Melt</sub>= Melting Voltage, L = Lorenz Constant (2,45x10<sup>-8</sup>[V/K], T<sub>Melt</sub>= Melting Temperature, T<sub>0</sub>= Temperature at a point distant from the Most Important Metalsconstriction spot</div></figtable>
Tab. Electrical Properties of the Most Important Metals
<div class="multiple-images">
[[File:Mechanical-Properties-of-the-Most-Important-Metals.jpg|left|thumb|Mechanical Properties of the Most Important Metals]]
[[File:Atomic-Properties-of-the-Most-Important-Metals.jpg|left|thumb|Atomic Properties of the Most Important Metals]]
[[File:Thermal-Properties-of-the-Most-Important-Metals.jpg|left|thumb|Thermal Properties of the Most Important Metals]]
[[File:Electrical-Properties-of-the-Most-Important-Metals.jpg|left|thumb|Electrical Properties of the Most Important Metals]]
</div>
<div class="clear"></div>
===References===
Wyckoff, R., W., G.: Crystal Structures. Vol 1,New York, 1963
[[Categoryde:Metal Powders|Category]][[Category:Thermal conductivity|CategoryPhysikalische_Eigenschaften_der_wichtigsten_Metalle]]
