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→Brazed Semi-Finished Contact Materials (Toplay–Profiles)
=== Brazed Semi-Finished Contact Materials (Toplay–Profiles)===
The toplay process starts with a flat or profile – shaped contact material strip which is fed together with the wider non-precious carrier material and in most cases an intermediate thin foil of brazing alloy into a induction brazing machine (<xr id="fig:Toplay brazing with an inductive heating inline equipment (schematic)"/><!--(Fig. 3.5)-->). An evenly distributed and reliable braze joint can be achieved this way between contact and carrier materials. The combined material strip is rather soft after the brazing process and re-hardened during a subsequent profile rolling step. In this way different shapes and configurations can easily be achieved.
*Typical configurations of toplay contact profiles (<xr id="fig:Typical configurations of toplay contact profiles2"/>)
*Carrier materials: Cu, CuZn, CuSn et al.<br />
*Quality criteria, dimensions and tolerances (<xr id="fig:Quality criteria dimensions and tolerances"/>)
Strength properties and dimensional tolerances of toplay profiles are derived from the standards DIN EN 1652 and DIN EN 1654 for Cu alloys.
<div class="multiple-images">
<figure id="fig:Toplay brazing with an inductive heating inline equipment (schematic)">
[[File:Toplay brazing with an inductive heating inline equipment (schematic).jpg|right|thumb|Figure 5: Toplay brazing with an inductive heating inline equipment (schematic)]]
</figure>
<figure id="fig:Typical configurations of toplay contact profiles2">
[[File:Typical configurations of toplay contact profiles2.jpg|right|thumb|Figure 6: Typical configurations of toplay contact profiles]]
</figure>
<figure id="fig:Quality criteria dimensions and tolerances">
[[File:Quality criteria dimensions and tolerances.jpg|right|thumb|Figure 7: Quality criteria dimensions and tolerances]]
</figure>
=== Contact Profiles (Contact Weld Tapes)===
*Typical configurations of multi-layer contact profiles (<xr id="fig:Typical configurations of multi-layer contact profiles"/>)
*Contact materials <br />Au-Alloys, Pd-Alloys, Ag-Alloys, Ag/Ni, Ag/SnO<sub>2</sub>, Ag/ZnO<br />
*Dimensions and tolerances (<xr id="fig:Contact Profiles Dimensions and tolerances"/>)
The thickness of the Au top-layer, which is sputtered for example, is between 0.2 and 5 μm, depending on the requirements. Tolerance of thickness is about ± 10%.
<div class="multiple-images">
<figure id="fig:Typical configurations of multi-layer contact profiles">
[[File:Typical configurations of multi-layer contact profiles.jpg|right|thumb|Figure 8: Typical configurations of multi-layer contact profiles]]
</figure>
<figure id="fig:Contact Profiles Dimensions and tolerances">
[[File:Contact Profiles Dimensions and tolerances.jpg|right|thumb|Figure 9: Contact Profiles Dimensions and tolerances]]
</figure>
==References==