Difference between revisions of "Contact Physics – Formulas"
From Electrical Contacts
Teitscheid (talk | contribs) |
Teitscheid (talk | contribs) |
||
| Line 2: | Line 2: | ||
*'''Constriction resistance''' | *'''Constriction resistance''' | ||
| − | : | + | : $R_e = \rho/2a$ |
(Single spot contact according to Holm; circular touching spot between clean | (Single spot contact according to Holm; circular touching spot between clean | ||
contact surfaces) | contact surfaces) | ||
| − | : | + | : $R_e = \rho/2Na$ |
(Multi-spot contact according to Holm without influence between the N | (Multi-spot contact according to Holm without influence between the N | ||
individual spots) | individual spots) | ||
| − | : | + | : $R_e = \rho/2 x \sum a_i + 3 \pi \rho /32N^2 x \sum \sum (s_ij) i \neq j$ |
(Multi-spot contact according to Greenwood considering the influence between | (Multi-spot contact according to Greenwood considering the influence between | ||
the spots) | the spots) | ||
*'''Contact resistance''' | *'''Contact resistance''' | ||
| − | : | + | : $R_K = R_e + R_f$ |
*'''Path resistance''' | *'''Path resistance''' | ||
| − | : | + | : $R_d = R_b + R_K$ |
*'''Contact resistance and contact force''' | *'''Contact resistance and contact force''' | ||
| − | : | + | : $R_K = 280\rho \sqrt[3]{E (F_K \cdot r)} $ |
(According to Holm model for film-free spherical contact surfaces with plastic | (According to Holm model for film-free spherical contact surfaces with plastic | ||
deformation of the contact material; F<sub>k</sub> < 1 N for typical contact materials) | deformation of the contact material; F<sub>k</sub> < 1 N for typical contact materials) | ||
| − | : | + | : $R_K = 9000 \rho \sqrt{ H/ F_K}$ |
(According to Holm model for film-free spherical contact surfaces with plastic | (According to Holm model for film-free spherical contact surfaces with plastic | ||
deformation of the contact material; F<sub>k</sub> > 5 N for typical contact materials) | deformation of the contact material; F<sub>k</sub> > 5 N for typical contact materials) | ||
*'''Dynamic contact separation''' (without considering magnetic fields caused by the current path) | *'''Dynamic contact separation''' (without considering magnetic fields caused by the current path) | ||
| − | : | + | : $F_A \approx 0,8 xl^2$ |
(Rule of thumb with F<sub>A</sub> in N and l in kA) | (Rule of thumb with F<sub>A</sub> in N and l in kA) | ||
*'''Contact voltage and max. contact temperature''' | *'''Contact voltage and max. contact temperature''' | ||
| − | : | + | : $T_kmax \approx 3200 U_K$ |
*'''Contact resistance at higher contact forces (according to Babikow)''' | *'''Contact resistance at higher contact forces (according to Babikow)''' | ||
| − | : | + | : $R_K = cF_k^{-m}$ |
For F<sub>K</sub> between 10 and 200 N<br/> | For F<sub>K</sub> between 10 and 200 N<br/> | ||
c = material dependent proportionality factor<br/> | c = material dependent proportionality factor<br/> | ||
| Line 92: | Line 92: | ||
[[Application Tables and Guideline Data for Use of Electrical Contact Design#References|References]] | [[Application Tables and Guideline Data for Use of Electrical Contact Design#References|References]] | ||
| − | [[de: | + | [[de:Formeln_aus_der_Kontaktphysik]] |
| − | |||
Revision as of 16:58, 25 September 2014
Contact Physics – Formulas
- Constriction resistance
- $R_e = \rho/2a$
(Single spot contact according to Holm; circular touching spot between clean contact surfaces)
- $R_e = \rho/2Na$
(Multi-spot contact according to Holm without influence between the N individual spots)
- $R_e = \rho/2 x \sum a_i + 3 \pi \rho /32N^2 x \sum \sum (s_ij) i \neq j$
(Multi-spot contact according to Greenwood considering the influence between the spots)
- Contact resistance
- $R_K = R_e + R_f$
- Path resistance
- $R_d = R_b + R_K$
- Contact resistance and contact force
- $R_K = 280\rho \sqrt[3]{E (F_K \cdot r)} $
(According to Holm model for film-free spherical contact surfaces with plastic deformation of the contact material; Fk < 1 N for typical contact materials)
- $R_K = 9000 \rho \sqrt{ H/ F_K}$
(According to Holm model for film-free spherical contact surfaces with plastic deformation of the contact material; Fk > 5 N for typical contact materials)
- Dynamic contact separation (without considering magnetic fields caused by the current path)
- $F_A \approx 0,8 xl^2$
(Rule of thumb with FA in N and l in kA)
- Contact voltage and max. contact temperature
- $T_kmax \approx 3200 U_K$
- Contact resistance at higher contact forces (according to Babikow)
- $R_K = cF_k^{-m}$
For FK between 10 and 200 N
c = material dependent proportionality factor
m = shape dependent exponent of the contact force
| Material combination | c |
|---|---|
| Copper - Copper | (0.08 bis 0.14) x 10-3 |
| Aluminum - Aluminum | (3 bis 6,7) x 10-3 |
| Brass - Brass | 0.67 x 10-3 |
| Steel – Silver | 0.06 x 10-3 |
| Steel – Copper | 3.1 x 10-3 |
| Steel – Brass | 3.0 x 10-3 |
| Contact shapes | m |
|---|---|
| Flat – Flat | 1 |
| Pyramid – Flat | 0.5 |
| Sphere – Flat | 0.6 |
| Sphere – Sphere | 0.5 |
| Multi-strand brush - Flat | 1 |
| Current bar (Busbar) contact | 0.5 - 0.7 |
