Difference between revisions of "Other Naturally Hard Copper Alloys"
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====<!--5.1.5.1-->Copper-Nickel Alloys==== | ====<!--5.1.5.1-->Copper-Nickel Alloys==== | ||
− | Copper and nickel are in their solid and liquid phase completely soluble in each other <xr id="fig:Phase_diagram_of_copper-nickel_for_the_range_of_0-50_wt_nickel"/><!--(Fig. 5.21)-->. Because of their very low electrical conductivity they are mainly used as resistance alloys <xr id="fig:Electrical_conductivity_of_copper-nickel_alloys_as_a_function_of_nickel_content"/><!--(Fig. 5.22)-->. The work hardening and softening behavior of CuNi alloys and CuNi9Sn2 are shown in [[#figures6|(Figs. 3 – 7)]]<!--(Figs. 5.23 – 5.27)-->. Coppernickel alloys exhibit high corrosion resistance, good weldabilty | + | Copper and nickel are in their solid and liquid phase completely soluble in each other (<xr id="fig:Phase_diagram_of_copper-nickel_for_the_range_of_0-50_wt_nickel"/><!--(Fig. 5.21)-->). Because of their very low electrical conductivity, they are mainly used as resistance alloys (<xr id="fig:Electrical_conductivity_of_copper-nickel_alloys_as_a_function_of_nickel_content"/><!--(Fig. 5.22)-->). The work hardening and softening behavior of CuNi alloys and CuNi9Sn2 are shown in [[#figures6|(Figs. 3 – 7)]]<!--(Figs. 5.23 – 5.27)-->. Coppernickel alloys exhibit high corrosion resistance, good weldabilty and the suitability for cladding to other materials. Because of these and their other properties (<xr id="tab:Physical_ Properties_of_Selected_Copper_Nickel_Alloys"/><!--(Tab. 5.15)--> and <xr id="tab:Mechanical_Properties_of_Selected_Copper_Nickel_Alloys"/><!--(Tab. 5.16)-->) they are, with and without additives of iron or manganese, widely used as good weldable backing layers on weld buttons and weld profiles (weld tapes). |
====<!--5.1.5.2-->Copper-Nickel-Tin Alloys==== | ====<!--5.1.5.2-->Copper-Nickel-Tin Alloys==== | ||
− | Copper-Nickel- multi component alloys with 9 wt% Ni and 2 wt% Sn are used mainly as connector materials because of their suitable mechanical properties, their excellent relaxation behavior | + | Copper-Nickel- multi component alloys with 9 wt% Ni and 2 wt% Sn are used mainly as connector materials because of their suitable mechanical properties, their excellent relaxation behavior and their high corrosion resistance. Other advantages include their high temperature stability and the good solderability, even after longer storage. They are also used as base materials for clad profiles and tapes. |
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</figtable> | </figtable> | ||
<sup>1)</sup> t: Strip thickness max. 0.5 mm | <sup>1)</sup> t: Strip thickness max. 0.5 mm | ||
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<div id="figures6" class="multiple-images"> | <div id="figures6" class="multiple-images"> | ||
<figure id="fig:Strain hardening of copper-nickel alloys as a function of nickel content"> | <figure id="fig:Strain hardening of copper-nickel alloys as a function of nickel content"> | ||
− | [[File:Strain hardening of copper nickel alloys as function.jpg|left|thumb|<caption>Strain hardening of copper-nickel alloys as a function of nickel content]] | + | [[File:Strain hardening of copper nickel alloys as function.jpg|left|thumb|<caption>Strain hardening of copper-nickel alloys as a function of nickel content</caption>]] |
</figure> | </figure> | ||
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==References== | ==References== | ||
[[Contact Carrier Materials#References|References]] | [[Contact Carrier Materials#References|References]] | ||
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+ | [[de:Sonstige_naturharte_Kupfer-Legierungen]] |
Latest revision as of 09:16, 4 January 2023
Copper-Nickel Alloys
Copper and nickel are in their solid and liquid phase completely soluble in each other (Figure 1). Because of their very low electrical conductivity, they are mainly used as resistance alloys (Figure 2). The work hardening and softening behavior of CuNi alloys and CuNi9Sn2 are shown in (Figs. 3 – 7). Coppernickel alloys exhibit high corrosion resistance, good weldabilty and the suitability for cladding to other materials. Because of these and their other properties (Table 1 and Table 2) they are, with and without additives of iron or manganese, widely used as good weldable backing layers on weld buttons and weld profiles (weld tapes).
Copper-Nickel-Tin Alloys
Copper-Nickel- multi component alloys with 9 wt% Ni and 2 wt% Sn are used mainly as connector materials because of their suitable mechanical properties, their excellent relaxation behavior and their high corrosion resistance. Other advantages include their high temperature stability and the good solderability, even after longer storage. They are also used as base materials for clad profiles and tapes.
Material Designation EN UNS |
Composition [wt%] |
Density [g/cm3] |
Electrical Conductivity |
Electrical Resistivity [μΩ·cm] |
Thermal Conductivity [W/(m·K)] |
Coeff. of Linear Thermal Expansion [10-6/K] |
Modulus of Elasticity [GPa] |
Softening Temperature (approx. 10% loss in strength) [°C] |
Melting Temp Range [°C] | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
[MS/m] | [% IACS] | |||||||||
CuNi25 CW350H C71300 |
Ni 24 - 26 Mn 0.5 Zn 0.5 Fe 0.3 Cu Rest |
8.94 | 3.0 | 5.2 | 33.3 | 29 | 15.5 | 147 | ca. 500 | 1150 - 1210 |
CuNi9Sn2 CW351H C72500 |
Ni 8.5 - 10.5 Sn 1.8 - 2.8 Mn 0.3 Fe 0.3 Cu Rest |
8.89 | 6.4 | 11 | 15.6 | 50 | 16.5 | 140 | ca. 480 | 1060 - 1120 |
CuNi10Fe1Mn CW352H C70600 |
Ni 9.0 - 11.0 Fe 1.0 - 2.0 Mn 0.5 - 1.0 Zn 0.5 Cu Rest |
8.92 | 5.6 | 9 | 17.9 | 50 | 16.5 | 134 | ||
CuNi30Mn1Fe CW354H C71500 |
Ni 30 - 32 Mn 0.5 - 1.5 Fe 0.4 - 1.0 Zn 0.5 Cu Rest |
8.93 | 2.6 | 4 | 38.5 | 29 | 15.5 | 152 | 1180 - 1240 |
Material | Hardness Condition |
Tensile Strength Rm [MPa] |
0,2% Yield Strength Rp02 [MPa] |
Elongation A50 [%] |
Vickers Hardness HV |
Bend Radius1) perpendicular to rolling direction |
Bend Radius1) parallel to rolling direction |
Spring Bending Limit σFB [MPa] |
Spring Fatigue Limit σBW [MPa] |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
CuNi25 | R 290 | ≥ 290 | 100 | 30 | 70 - 100 | ||||
CuNi9Sn2 | R 340 R 380 R 450 R 500 R 560 |
340 - 410 380 - 470 450 - 530 500 - 580 560 - 650 |
≤ 250 ≥ 200 ≥ 370 ≥ 450 ≥ 520 |
20 8 4 2 |
75 - 110 100 - 150 140 - 170 160 - 190 180 - 210 |
0 x t 0 x t 0 x t 1 x t |
0 x t 0 x t 0 x t 2 x t |
520 | 250 |
CuNi10Fe1Mn | R 300 R 320 |
≥ 300 ≥ 320 |
≤ 100 ≤ 200 |
20 | 70 - 120 ≥ 100 |
||||
CuNi30Mn1Fe | R 350 R 410 |
350 - 420 ≥ 410 |
≤ 120 ≤ 300 |
35 | 80 - 120 ≥ 110 |
1) t: Strip thickness max. 0.5 mm