Difference between revisions of "Schaltende Kontakte"

From Electrical Contacts
Jump to: navigation, search
(→‎Schaltende Kontakte)
(Created page with "===<!--6.4.4-->Schaltende Kontakte=== <ul> <li>'''Effekte bei Schaltvorgängen'''</li> <xr id="fig:Contact_opening_with_arc_formation_schematic"/><!--Fig. 6.7:--> Kontaktöff...")
(13 intermediate revisions by 2 users not shown)
Line 3: Line 3:
 
<li>'''Effekte bei Schaltvorgängen'''</li>
 
<li>'''Effekte bei Schaltvorgängen'''</li>
  
 +
<xr id="fig:Contact_opening_with_arc_formation_schematic"/><!--Fig. 6.7:--> Kontaktöffnung unter Lichtbogenbildung (schematisch)
  
 
<div class="multiple-images">
 
<div class="multiple-images">
 
<figure id="fig:Contact_opening_with_arc_formation_schematic">
 
<figure id="fig:Contact_opening_with_arc_formation_schematic">
 
[[File:Contact opening with arc formation schematic.jpg|left|thumb|<caption>Kontaktöffnung unter Lichtbogenbildung (schematisch)</caption>]]
 
[[File:Contact opening with arc formation schematic.jpg|left|thumb|<caption>Kontaktöffnung unter Lichtbogenbildung (schematisch)</caption>]]
−
</figure>
 
−
<figure id="fig:Influences on contact areas in relays">
 
−
[[File:Influences on contact areas in relays.jpg|left|thumb|<caption>Einflüsse auf Kontaktstellen in Relais</caption>]]
 
 
</figure>
 
</figure>
 
</div>
 
</div>
 
<div class="clear"></div>
 
<div class="clear"></div>
  
 +
<li>'''Influence of out-gasing from plastics'''</li>
 +
 +
<xr id="fig:Histogram_of_the_contact_resistance_Rk"/><!--Fig. 6.9:--> Histogram of the contact resistance Rk of an electroplated palladium layer (3 μm) with and without hard gold flash plating (0.2 μm) after exposure with different plastic materials
  
−
<li>'''Einfluss von Kunststoffausgasungen'''</li>
+
<xr id="fig:Contact resistance with exposure to out gasing from plastics"/><!--Fig. 6.10:--> Contact resistance with exposure to out gasing from plastics as a function of numbers of operations at 6 V<sub>DC</sub>,100 mA: 1 Silicon containing plastic; 2 Plastics with strongly out-gasing components; 3 Plastics with minimal out-gasing components
  
  
 
<div class="multiple-images">
 
<div class="multiple-images">
 
<figure id="fig:Histogram_of_the_contact_resistance_Rk">
 
<figure id="fig:Histogram_of_the_contact_resistance_Rk">
−
[[File:Histogram of the contact resistance Rk.jpg|left|thumb|<caption>Histogramm des Kontaktwiderstandes R<sub>K</sub> einer galvanischen Palladiumschicht (3 μm) mit und ohne Hartgoldflash (0,2 μm)
+
[[File:Histogram of the contact resistance Rk.jpg|left|thumb|<caption>Histogram of the contact resistance R<sub>K</sub> of an electroplated palladium layer (3 μm) with and without hard gold flash plating (0.2 μm) after exposure with different plastic materials</caption>]]
−
bei Auslagerung mit verschiedenen Kunststoffen</caption>]]
 
 
</figure>
 
</figure>
  
 
<figure id="fig:Contact resistance with exposure to out gasing from plastics">
 
<figure id="fig:Contact resistance with exposure to out gasing from plastics">
−
[[File:Contact resistance with exposure to out gasing from plastics.jpg|left|thumb|<caption>Kontaktwiderstand und Ausgasungen aus Kunststoffen in Abhängigkeit von der
+
[[File:Contact resistance with exposure to out gasing from plastics.jpg|left|thumb|<caption>Contact resistance with exposure to out-gasing from plastics as a function of numbers of operations at 6 V<sub>DC</sub>,100 mA: 1 Silicon containing plastic; 2 Plastics with strongly out-gasing components; 3 Plastics with minimal out-gasing components</caption>]]
−
Schaltspielzahl bei 6 V<sub>DC</sub> , 100 mA: 1 silikonhaltiger Kunststoff; 2 Kunststoffe mit stark ausgasenden Komponenten; 3 Kunststoffe mit minimaler Ausgasung</caption>]]
 
 
</figure>
 
</figure>
 
</div>
 
</div>
Line 32: Line 31:
  
  
−
<li>'''Einfluss von Schadgasen auf den Kontaktwiderstand'''</li>
+
<li>'''Influence of corrosive gases on the contact resistance'''</li>
  
 +
<xr id="fig:Distribution of cumulative frequency H of the contact resistance for solid contact rivets"/><!--Fig. 6.11:--> Distribution of cumulative frequency H of the contact resistance for solid contact rivets after 10 days exposure in a three-component test environment with 400 ppb each of H<sub>2</sub>S, SO<sub>2</sub> and NO<sub>2</sub> at 25°C, 75% RH; Contact force 10cN; Measuring parameters: ≤ 40 mV<sub>DC</sub>,10 mA; Probing
 +
contact: Gold rivet
  
 
<div class="multiple-images">
 
<div class="multiple-images">
 
<figure id="fig:Distribution of cumulative frequency H of the contact resistance for solid contact rivets">
 
<figure id="fig:Distribution of cumulative frequency H of the contact resistance for solid contact rivets">
−
[[File:Distribution of cumulative frequency H of the contact resistance for solid contact rivets.jpg|left|thumb|<caption>Summenhäufigkeitsverteilung H des Kontaktwiderstandes RK massiver Kontaktniete aus verschiedenen Kontaktwerkstoffen nach 10 tägiger Auslagerung im Dreikomponentenklima mit je
+
[[File:Distribution of cumulative frequency H of the contact resistance for solid contact rivets.jpg|left|thumb|<caption>Distribution of cumulative frequency H of the contact resistance for solid contact rivets after 10 days exposure in a three-component test environment with 400 ppb each of H<sub>2</sub>S, SO<sub>2</sub> and NO<sub>2</sub> at 25°C, 75% RH; Contact force 10cN; Measuring parameters: ≤ 40 mV<sub>DC</sub>,10 mA; Probing
−
400 ppb H<sub>2</sub>S, SO<sub>2</sub> und NO<sub>2</sub> bei 25°C, 75% r. F.; Kontaktkraft: 10 cN; Messbedingungen:
+
contact: Gold rivet</caption>]]
−
<40mV<sub>DC</sub>, 10mA; Gegenkontakt: Au-Niet</caption>]]
 
 
</figure>
 
</figure>
 
</div>
 
</div>
Line 45: Line 45:
  
  
−
'''Kontaktphänomene bei Lichtbogeneinwirkungen'''
+
[[File:Influences on contact areas in relays.jpg|right|thumb|Influences on contact areas in relays]]
 +
 
 +
<li>'''Contact Phenomena under the influence of arcing Matertia'''</li>
 
<ul>
 
<ul>
−
<li>'''Materialwanderung'''</li>
+
<li>'''Material transfer'''</li>
  
 +
<xr id="fig:Material transfer under DC load"/><!--Fig. 6.12:--> Material transfer under DC load a) Cathode; b) Anode. <br /> Material: AgNi0.15; Switching parameters: 12V<sub>DC</sub>, 3 A, 2x10<sup>6</sup> operations
  
−
<div class="multiple-images"><figure id="fig:Material transfer under DC load">[[File:Material transfer under DC load.jpg|left|thumb|<caption>Materialwanderung bei Gleichstrombetrieb. a) Kathode; b) Anode. Material: AgNi 0,15; Schaltbedingungen: 12 V<sub>DC</sub> , 3 A; 2 x 10<sup>6</sup> Schaltungen</caption>]]</figure></div>
+
<div class="multiple-images"><figure id="fig:Material transfer under DC load">[[File:Material transfer under DC load.jpg|left|thumb|<caption>Material transfer under DC load a) Cathode; b) Anode. <br /> Material: AgNi0.15; Switching parameters: 12V<sub>DC</sub>, 3 A, 2x10<sup>6</sup> perations</caption>]]</figure></div>
 
<div class="clear"></div>
 
<div class="clear"></div>
  
−
<li>'''Abbrand'''</li>
+
<li>'''Arc erosion'''</li>
  
 +
<xr id="fig:Arc erosion of a AgSnO2 contact pair after extreme arcing conditions"/><!--Fig. 6.13:--> Arc erosion of a Ag/SnO<sub>2</sub> contact pair after extreme arcing conditions a) Overall view; b) Partial detail view
  
−
<div class="multiple-images"><figure id="fig:Arc erosion of a AgSnO2 contact pair after extreme arcing conditions">[[File:Arc erosion of a AgSnO2 contact pair after extreme arcing conditions.jpg|left|thumb|<caption>Abbrand eines Ag/SnO<sub>2</sub> Kontaktpaares nach extremer Lichtbogenbeanspruchung a) Gesamtansicht; b) Teilansicht</caption>]]</figure></div>
+
<div class="multiple-images"><figure id="fig:Arc erosion of a AgSnO2 contact pair after extreme arcing conditions">[[File:Arc erosion of a AgSnO2 contact pair after extreme arcing conditions.jpg|left|thumb|<caption>Arc erosion of a Ag/SnO<sub>2</sub> contact pair after extreme arcing conditions a) Overall view; b) Partial detail view</caption>]]</figure></div>
 
<div class="clear"></div>
 
<div class="clear"></div>
  
 +
<li>'''Contact welding'''</li>
  
−
<li>'''Verschweißen'''</li>
+
<xr id="fig:Micro structure of a welded contact pair after extremely high current load"/><!--Fig. 6.14:--> Micro structure of a welded contact pair (Ag/SnO<sub>2</sub>88/12 - Ag/CdO88/12) after extremely high current load. a) Ag/SnO<sub>2</sub>88/12; b) Ag/CdO88/12
−
 
 
  
 
<div class="multiple-images">
 
<div class="multiple-images">
 
<figure id="fig:Micro structure of a welded contact pair after extremely high current load">
 
<figure id="fig:Micro structure of a welded contact pair after extremely high current load">
−
[[File:Micro structure of a welded contact pair after extremely high current load.jpg|left|thumb|<caption>Gefügebild eines verschweißten Kontaktpaares (Ag/SnO<sub>2</sub>88/12 - Ag/CdO88/12) 2
+
[[File:Micro structure of a welded contact pair after extremely high current load.jpg|left|thumb|<caption>Micro structure of a welded contact pair (Ag/SnO<sub>2</sub>88/12 - Ag/CdO88/12) after extremely high current load. a) Ag/SnO<sub>2</sub>88/12; b) Ag/CdO88/12</caption>]]
−
nach extrem hoher Strombelastung. a) Ag/SnO<sub>2</sub>88/12; b) verschweißte Zone; c) Ag/CdO 88/12</caption>]]
 
 
</figure>
 
</figure>
 
</div>
 
</div>
Line 73: Line 76:
 
</ul>
 
</ul>
  
−
==Referenzen==
+
==References==
−
[[Anwendungstabellen_und_Richtwerte_für_den_Einsatz_elektrischer_Kontakte#Referenzen|Referenzen]]
+
[[Application Tables and Guideline Data for Use of Electrical Contact Design#References|References]]
  
 
[[en:Switching_Contacts]]
 
[[en:Switching_Contacts]]

Revision as of 15:44, 17 September 2014

Schaltende Kontakte

  • Effekte bei Schaltvorgängen

    • Figure 1 Kontaktöffnung unter Lichtbogenbildung (schematisch)

    Figure 1: Kontaktöffnung unter Lichtbogenbildung (schematisch)
  • Influence of out-gasing from plastics

    • Figure 2 Histogram of the contact resistance Rk of an electroplated palladium layer (3 μm) with and without hard gold flash plating (0.2 μm) after exposure with different plastic materials

    Figure 3 Contact resistance with exposure to out gasing from plastics as a function of numbers of operations at 6 VDC,100 mA: 1 Silicon containing plastic; 2 Plastics with strongly out-gasing components; 3 Plastics with minimal out-gasing components


    Figure 2: Histogram of the contact resistance RK of an electroplated palladium layer (3 μm) with and without hard gold flash plating (0.2 μm) after exposure with different plastic materials
    Figure 3: Contact resistance with exposure to out-gasing from plastics as a function of numbers of operations at 6 VDC,100 mA: 1 Silicon containing plastic; 2 Plastics with strongly out-gasing components; 3 Plastics with minimal out-gasing components


  • Influence of corrosive gases on the contact resistance

    • Figure 4 Distribution of cumulative frequency H of the contact resistance for solid contact rivets after 10 days exposure in a three-component test environment with 400 ppb each of H2S, SO2 and NO2 at 25°C, 75% RH; Contact force 10cN; Measuring parameters: ≤ 40 mVDC,10 mA; Probing contact: Gold rivet

    Figure 4: Distribution of cumulative frequency H of the contact resistance for solid contact rivets after 10 days exposure in a three-component test environment with 400 ppb each of H2S, SO2 and NO2 at 25°C, 75% RH; Contact force 10cN; Measuring parameters: ≤ 40 mVDC,10 mA; Probing contact: Gold rivet


    Influences on contact areas in relays
  • Contact Phenomena under the influence of arcing Matertia
    • Material transfer

      • Figure 5 Material transfer under DC load a) Cathode; b) Anode.
      Material: AgNi0.15; Switching parameters: 12VDC, 3 A, 2x106 operations

      Figure 5: Material transfer under DC load a) Cathode; b) Anode.
      Material: AgNi0.15; Switching parameters: 12VDC, 3 A, 2x106 perations
    • Arc erosion

      • Figure 6 Arc erosion of a Ag/SnO2 contact pair after extreme arcing conditions a) Overall view; b) Partial detail view

      Figure 6: Arc erosion of a Ag/SnO2 contact pair after extreme arcing conditions a) Overall view; b) Partial detail view
    • Contact welding

      • Figure 7 Micro structure of a welded contact pair (Ag/SnO288/12 - Ag/CdO88/12) after extremely high current load. a) Ag/SnO288/12; b) Ag/CdO88/12

      Figure 7: Micro structure of a welded contact pair (Ag/SnO288/12 - Ag/CdO88/12) after extremely high current load. a) Ag/SnO288/12; b) Ag/CdO88/12

References

References

Retrieved from "https://www.electrical-contacts-wiki.com/index.php?title=Schaltende_Kontakte&oldid=3889"