Table 2.8: Mechanical Properties of the Platinum Metals and their Alloys

Fig. 2.25: Influence of 1-20 atom% of different additive metals on the electrical resistivity p of platinum (Degussa)

</figtable>

[[File:Influence of platinum degussa.jpg|right|thumb|Influence of 1- 20 atom% of different additive metals on the electrical resistivity p of platinum (Degussa)]]

[[File:Influence of palladium.jpg|right|thumb|Influence of 1-22 atom% of different additive metals on the electrical resistivity p of palladium]]

Fig. 2.27: Phase diagram of platinum-iridium

[[File:Phase diagram of platinum iridium.jpg|right|thumb|Phase diagram of platinum-iridium]]

Fig. 2.28: Phase diagram of platinum-nickel

[[File:Phase diagram of platinum nickel.jpg|right|thumb|Phase diagram of platinum-nickel]]

Fig. 2.29: Phase diagram of platinum-tungsten

[[File:Phase diagram of palladium copper.jpg|right|thumb|Phase diagram of platinum-tungsten]]

Fig. 2.30: Phase diagram of palladium-copper

[[File:Phase diagram of palladium copper2.jpg|right|thumb|Phase diagram of palladium-copper]]

Fig. 2.31: Strain hardening of Pt by cold working

[[File:Strain hardening of Pt by cold working.jpg|right|thumb|Strain hardening of Pt by cold working]]

Fig. 2.32: Softening of Pt after annealing for 0.5 hrs after 80% cold working

[[File:Softening of Pt after annealing.jpg|right|thumb|Softening of Pt after annealing for 0.5 hrs after 80% cold working]]

Fig. 2.33: Strain hardening of PtIr5 by cold working

[[File:Strain hardening of PtIr5 by cold working.jpg|right|thumb|Strain hardening of PtIr5 by cold working]]

Fig. 2.34: Softening of PtIr5 after annealing for 1 hr after different degrees of cold working

[[File:Softening of PtIr5 after annealing.jpg|right|thumb|Softening of PtIr5 after annealing for 1 hr after different degrees of cold working]]

Fig. 2.35: Strain hardening of PtNi8 by cold working

[[File:Strain hardening of PtNi8 by cold working.jpg|right|thumb|Strain hardening of PtNi8 by cold working]]

Fig. 2.36: Softening of PtNi8 after annealing for 1 hr after 80% cold working

[[File:Softening of PtNi8 after annealing.jpg|right|thumb|Softening of PtNi8 after annealing for 1 hr after 80% cold working]]

Fig. 2.37: Strain hardening of PtW5 by cold working

[[File:Strain hardening of PtW5 by cold working.jpg|right|thumb|Strain hardening of PtW5 by cold working]]

Fig. 2.38: Softening of PtW5 after annealing for 1hr after 80% cold working

[[File:Softening of PtW5 after annealing.jpg|right|thumb|Softening of PtW5 after annealing for 1hr after 80% cold working]]

Fig. 2.39: Strain hardening of Pd 99.99 by cold working

[[File:Strain hardening of Pd-99 99by cold working.jpg|right|thumb|Strain hardening of Pd 99.99 by cold working]]

Fig. 2.40: Strain hardening of PdCu15 by cold working

[[File:Strain hardening of PdCu15 by cold working.jpg|right|thumb|Strain hardening of PdCu15 by cold working]]

Fig. 2.41: Softening of PdCu15 after annealing for 0.5 hrs

[[File:Softening of PdCu15 after annealing.jpg|right|thumb|Softening of PdCu15 after annealing for 0.5 hrs]]

Fig. 2.42: Strain hardening of PdCu40 by cold working

[[File:Strain hardening of PdCu40 by cold working.jpg|right|thumb|Strain hardening of PdCu40 by cold working]]

Fig. 2.43: Softening of PdCu40 after annealing for 0.5 hrs after 80% cold working

[[File:Softening of PdCu40 after annealing.jpg|right|thumb|Softening of PdCu40 after annealing for 0.5 hrs after 80% cold working]]

Fig. 2.44: Electrical resistivity p of PdCu alloys with and without an annealing step for forming an ordered phase

[[File:Electrical resistivity p of PdCu alloys.jpg|right|thumb|Electrical resistivity p of PdCu alloys with and without an annealing step for forming an ordered phase]]

'''Table 2.9: Contact and Switching Properties of the Platinum Metals and their Alloys'''

<table border="1" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse:collapse"><tr><td><p class="s11">Material</p></td><td><p class="s12">Properties</p></td></tr><tr><td><p class="s11">Pt</p></td><td><p class="s12">Very high corrosion resistance</p></td><td/></tr><tr><td><p class="s11">PtIr5 - 10</p></td><td><p class="s12">Very high corrosion resistance, low contact resistance</p></td><td><p class="s12">High arc erosion resistance, high hardness</p></td></tr><tr><td><p class="s11">PtRu10</p></td><td><p class="s12">Very high corrosion resistance, low welding tendency</p></td><td><p class="s12">Low contact resistance, very</p><p class="s12">high hardness</p></td></tr><tr><td><p class="s11">PtNi8</p></td><td><p class="s12">Low material transfer tendency</p></td><td><p class="s12">Very high hardness</p></td></tr><tr><td><p class="s11">PtW5</p></td><td><p class="s12">Low material transfer tendency</p></td><td><p class="s12">High hardness</p></td></tr><tr><td><p class="s11">Pd</p></td><td><p class="s12">Strong tendency to “Brown Powder” formation</p></td><td><p class="s12">Less arc erosion resistant than Pt</p></td></tr><tr><td><p class="s11">PdCu15</p><p class="s11">PdCu40</p></td><td><p class="s12">Tendency to “Brown Powder” formation</p></td><td><p class="s12">Mostly resistant to material</p><p class="s12">transfer, high hardness</p></td></tr><tr><td><p class="s11">PdNi5</p></td><td><p class="s12">Strong tendency to “Brown Powder” formation</p></td><td><p class="s12">Low welding tendency</p></td></tr><tr><td><p class="s11">Pd44Ag38Cu15</p><p class="s11">PtAuZn</p></td><td><p class="s12">High mechanical wear resistance</p></td><td><p class="s12">Standard material for sliding</p><p class="s12">contact brushes</p></td></tr></table>

'''Table 2.10: Application Examples and Form of Supply for Platinum Metals and their Alloys'''

<table border="1" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse:collapse"><tr><td><p class="s11">Material</p></td><td><p class="s12">Application Examples</p></td><td><p class="s12">Forms of Supply</p></td></tr><tr><td><p class="s11">Pt (99,95)</p></td><td><p class="s12">Relays</p></td><td><p class="s12">Contact rivets, welded contact parts</p></td></tr><tr><td><p class="s11">PtIr5</p><p class="s11">PtIr10</p><p class="s11">PtRu10</p><p class="s11">PtNi8</p><p class="s11">PtW5</p></td><td><p class="s12">Relays, sliding contact systems,</p><p class="s12">automotive ignition breaker points</p></td><td><p class="s12">Semi-finished Contact Materials:</p><p class="s12">Wire, seam-welded contact profiles</p><p class="s12">Contact Parts:</p><p class="s12">Tips, wire-formed parts, solid and composite contact rivets, welded contact parts</p></td></tr><tr><td><p class="s11">Pd (99,95)</p><p class="s11">PdNi5</p></td><td><p class="s12">Relays</p></td><td><p class="s12">Micro-profiles (weld tapes), contact rivets, welded contact parts</p></td></tr><tr><td><p class="s11">PdCu15</p><p class="s11">PdCu40</p></td><td><p class="s12">Automotive flasher relays</p></td><td><p class="s12">Micro-profiles, composite contact rivets</p></td></tr><tr><td><p class="s11">Pd35AuAgPt</p><p class="s11">Pd44Ag38Cu15</p><p class="s11">PtAuZn</p><p class="s11">Pd40Co40W20</p></td><td><p class="s12">Potentiometers, slip rings, miniature</p><p class="s12">DC motors</p></td><td><p class="s12">Wire-formed parts, welded wire segments, multi-arm sliding contact brushes</p></td></tr></table>

==References==

[[Contact Materials for Electrical Engineering#References|References]]